Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/66

URI Permanente para esta coleção

https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/35792

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 282

Crash Risk Predictors in Older Drivers: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on a Driving Simulator and Machine Learning Algorithms
(2023) SILVA, V. C.; DIAS, A. S.; GREVE, J. M. D.; DAVIS, C. L.; SOARES, A. L. D. S.; BRECH, G. C.; AYAMA, S.; JACOB-FILHO, W.; BUSSE, A. L.; BIASE, M. E. M. de; CANONICA, A. C.; ALONSO, A. C.
The ability to drive depends on the motor, visual, and cognitive functions, which are necessary to integrate information and respond appropriately to different situations that occur in traffic. The study aimed to evaluate older drivers in a driving simulator and identify motor, cognitive and visual variables that interfere with safe driving through a cluster analysis, and identify the main predictors of traffic crashes. We analyzed the data of older drivers (n = 100, mean age of 72.5 ± 5.7 years) recruited in a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The assessments were divided into three domains: motor, visual, and cognitive. The K-Means algorithm was used to identify clusters of individuals with similar characteristics that may be associated with the risk of a traffic crash. The Random Forest algorithm was used to predict road crash in older drivers and identify the predictors (main risk factors) related to the outcome (number of crashes). The analysis identified two clusters, one with 59 participants and another with 41 drivers. There were no differences in the mean of crashes (1.7 vs. 1.8) and infractions (2.6 vs. 2.0) by cluster. However, the drivers allocated in Cluster 1, when compared to Cluster 2, had higher age, driving time, and braking time (p < 0.05). The random forest performed well (r = 0.98, R2 = 0.81) in predicting road crash. Advanced age and the functional reach test were the factors representing the highest risk of road crash. There were no differences in the number of crashes and infractions per cluster. However, the Random Forest model performed well in predicting the number of crashes.
Risk Factors for the Impairment of Ambulation in Older People Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
(2023) SILVA, E. C. G. E.; SCHMITT, A. C. B.; GODOY, C. G. de; OLIVEIRA, D. B. de; TANAKA, C.; TOUFEN, C. Jr.; CARVALHO, C. R. R. de; CARVALHO, C. R. F.; FU, C.; HILL, K. D.; POMPEU, J. E.
(1) Background: Some older people hospitalized with COVID-19 have experienced reduced ambulation capacity. However, the prevalence of the impairment of ambulation capacity still needs to be established. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of, and identify the risk factors associated with, the impairment of ambulation capacity at the point of hospital discharge for older people with COVID-19. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study. Included are those with an age > 60 years, of either sex, hospitalized due to COVID-19. Clinical data was collected from patients’ medical records. Ambulation capacity prior to COVID-19 infection was assessed through the patients’ reports from their relatives. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify the risk factors associated with the impairment of ambulation at hospital discharge. (3) Results: Data for 429 older people hospitalized with COVID-19 were randomly collected from the medical records. Among the 56.4% who were discharged, 57.9% had reduced ambulation capacity. Factors associated with reduced ambulation capacity at discharge were a hospital stay longer than 20 days (Odds Ratio (OR): 3.5) and dependent ambulation capacity prior to COVID-19 (Odds Ratio (OR): 11.3). (4) Conclusion: More than half of the older people who survived following hospitalization due to COVID-19 had reduced ambulation capacity at hospital discharge. Impaired ambulation prior to the infection and a longer hospital stay were risks factors for reduced ambulation capacity.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delivering post-acute care in a low- to middle-income country
(2023) ALIBERTI, Marlon Juliano Romero; LEVITES, Marcelo Rozenfeld; BERARDO, Frederico Alberto Nogueira
Aerobic Exercise Modulates Visceral Adipose Tissue of Estrogen Deprived Rats in an Experimental Model of Dyslipidemia
(2024) MAGALHAES, Walkyria Villegas; CHUCATA, Kemily Loren Barros; DSOUKI, Nuha Ahmad; NUCCI, Ricardo Aparecido Baptista; VELOSO, Aparecida Gabriela Bexiga; FONSECA, Fernando Luiz Affonso; MAIFRINO, Laura Beatriz Mesiano
Introduction Menopausal women have an increase deposition of body fat and changes in the lipid profile, being especially susceptible to cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. However, physical activity can mitigate this situation. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of female LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized mice.Methods We used 48 animals, divided into six groups ( n = 8/per group): sedentary control (SC), sedentary ovariectomized control (SCO), trained ovariectomized control (TCO), sedentary non-ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KS), sedentary ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KOS), and trained LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized (KOT). We analyzed the VAT through morphometric and stereological parameters in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Additionally, we evaluated biochemical parameters as glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Finally, immunohistochemical techniques for matrix remodeling, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated. Results We observed that menopause is related to increased visceral adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophages activity, serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. However, exercise was effective in reducing these parameters, as well as being associated with increased vascularization of VAT and interstitial volume density. Conclusions Moderate exercise is a key factor in mitigating the effects of dyslipidemia in estrogen deprivation. However, further studies are needed to corroborate with our findings.
Association between APOE-ε4 allele and cognitive function is mediated by Alzheimer's disease pathology: a population-based autopsy study in an admixed sample
(2023) PARADELA, Regina Silva; JUSTO, Alberto Fernando Oliveira; PAES, Vitor Ribeiro; LEITE, Renata E. P.; PASQUALUCCI, Carlos A.; GRINBERG, Lea T.; NASLAVSKY, Michel Satya; ZATZ, Mayana; NITRINI, Ricardo; JACOB-FILHO, Wilson; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie
Background: Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APOE-epsilon 4) is the main genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may impact cognitive function also via other neuropathological lesions. However, there is limited evidence available from diverse populations, as APOE associations with dementia seem to differ by race. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the pathways linking APOE-epsilon 4 to cognitive abilities through AD and non-AD neuropathology in an autopsy study with an admixed sample.Methods: Neuropathological lesions were evaluated following international criteria using immunohistochemistry. Participants were classified into APOE-epsilon 4 carriers (at least one epsilon 4 allele) and non-carriers. Cognitive abilities were evaluated by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale sum of boxes. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the indirect association of APOE-epsilon 4 with cognition through AD-pathology, lacunar infarcts, hyaline arteriosclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), Lewy body disease (LBD), and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43).Results: We included 648 participants (mean age 75 +/- 12 years old, mean education 4.4 +/- 3.7 years, 52% women, 69% White, and 28% APOE-epsilon 4 carriers). The association between APOE-epsilon 4 and cognitive abilities was mediated by neurofibrillary tangles (beta = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.45; 1.38, p < 0.001) and neuritic plaques (beta = 1.36, 95% CI = 0.86; 1.96, p < 0.001). Lacunar infarcts, hyaline arteriosclerosis, CAA, LBD, and TDP-43 were not mediators in the pathway from APOE-epsilon 4 to cognition.Conclusion: The association between APOE-epsilon 4 and cognitive abilities was partially mediated by AD-pathology. On the other hand, cerebrovascular lesions and other neurodegenerative diseases did not mediate the association between APOE-epsilon 4 and cognition.
Aren't you forgetting something? Cognitive screening beyond delirium in the emergency department
(2023) MORAES, Gabriel Stanziola de; CURIATI, Pedro K.; AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago Junqueira; MORINAGA, Christian V.; APOLINARIO, Daniel; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; ALIBERTI, Marlon Juliano Romero
Untangle the relationship of muscle mass and bone mineral content on handgrip strength: Results of ELSA-Brasil
(2023) TAVARES, Nayranne Hivina Carvalho; RODRIGUES, Brena Custodio; ARRUDA, Soraia P. M.; SZLEJF, Claudia; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; GRIEP, Rosane Harter; DINIZ, Maria de F. H. S.; GIATTI, Luana; BARRETO, Sandhi M.; FORTUNATO, Larissa
The study aims to investigate the independent association of muscle mass (MM) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the performance of the handgrip strength (HGS) test and whether there is effect modification by sex and age. In 12,491 participants from the ELSA-Brasil we estimated the associations between MM, BMC and HGS using linear regression models. All the analyses were performed for total population, also stratified for sex and age. For total population an interaction term was included between each explanatory variable of interest with sex and age to verify the presence of effect modification. We observed that the higher quintiles of MM and BMC were associated to an increasing in the mean of HGS compared to the first quintile, with greater magnitudes in men compared to women, also adults compared to elderly. When we estimated the independent effect of each exposure of interest, MM showed stronger effect in HGS in women, men and adults then BMC. In conclusion, we observed that higher amounts of MM and BMC are associated with higher HGS, regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and lifestyle, with this effect being greater in men and adults.
Risk factors for dementia in Brazil: Differences by region and race
(2023) SUEMOTO, Claudia K.; MUKADAM, Naaheed; BRUCKI, Sonia M. D.; CARAMELLI, Paulo; NITRINI, Ricardo; LAKS, Jerson; LIVINGSTON, Gill; FERRI, Cleusa P.
Introduction Twelve risk factors (RFs) account for 40% of dementia cases worldwide. However, most data for population attributable fractions (PAFs) are from high-income countries (HIC). We estimated how much these RFs account for dementia cases in Brazil, stratifying estimates by race and socioeconomic level. Methods We calculated the prevalence and communalities of 12 RFs using 9412 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging participants, then stratified according to self-reported race and country macro-regions. Results The overall weighted PAF was 48.2%. Less education had the largest PAF (7.7%), followed by hypertension (7.6%), and hearing loss (6.8%). PAF was 49.0% and 54.0% in the richest and poorest regions, respectively. PAFs were similar among White and Black individuals (47.8% and 47.2%, respectively) but the importance of the main RF varied by race. Discussion Brazil's potential for dementia prevention is higher than in HIC. Education, hypertension, and hearing loss should be priority targets.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with preexisting dementia: a large multicenter propensity-matched Brazilian cohort study
(2024) BICALHO, Maria Aparecida Camargos; ALIBERTI, Marlon Juliano Romero; DELFINO-PEREIRA, Polianna; CHAGAS, Victor Schulthais; ROSA, Patryk Marques da Silva; PIRES, Magda Carvalho; RAMOS, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira; BEZERRA, Adriana Falangola Benjamin; FERES, Ana Beatriz de Castro; GOMES, Angelica Gomides dos Reis; BHERING, Angelinda Rezende; PESSOA, Bruno Porto; SILVA, Carla Thais Candida Alves da; CIMINI, Christiane Correa Rodrigues; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; DIAS, Cristiana Andrade Coelho; CARAZAI, Daniela dos Reis; PONCE, Daniela; RIOS, Danyelle Romana Alves; MANENTI, Euler; ANSCHAU, Fernando; BATISTA, Joanna d'Arc Lyra; ALVARENGA, Joice Coutinho de; VIGUINI, Julia Avancini; ZANELLATO, Julia Mariot; RUGOLO, Juliana Machado; RUSCHEL, Karen Brasil; NASCIMENTO, Leticia do; MENEZES, Luanna Silva Monteiro; OLIVEIRA, Lucas Moyses Carvalho de; CASTRO, Luis Cesar de; NASI, Luiz Antonio; CARNEIRO, Marcelo; FERREIRA, Maria Angelica Pires; GODOY, Mariana Frizzo de; GUIMARAES-JUNIOR, Milton Henriques; OLIVEIRA, Neimy Ramos de; ZIEGELMANN, Patricia Klarmann; PORTO, Paula Fonseca; MENDES, Paulo Mascarenhas; PARAISO, Pedro Gibson; REIS, Priscilla Pereira dos; FRANCISCO, Saionara Cristina; ARAUJO, Silvia Ferreira; AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago Junqueira; MARCOLINO, Milena Soriano
Background Although dementia has emerged as an important risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, results on COVID-19-related complications and mortality are not consistent. We examined the clinical presentations and outcomes of COVID-19 in a multicentre cohort of in-hospital patients, comparing those with and without dementia.Methods This retrospective observational study comprises COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed patients aged >= 60 years admitted to 38 hospitals from 19 cities in Brazil. Data were obtained from electronic hospital records. A propensity score analysis was used to match patients with and without dementia (up to 3:1) according to age, sex, comorbidities, year, and hospital of admission. Our primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. We also assessed admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), kidney replacement therapy (KRT), sepsis, nosocomial infection, and thromboembolic events.Results Among 1,556 patients included in the study, 405 (4.5%) had a diagnosis of dementia and 1,151 were matched controls. When compared to matched controls, patients with dementia had a lower frequency of dyspnoea, cough, myalgia, headache, ageusia, and anosmia; and higher frequency of fever and delirium. They also had a lower frequency of ICU admission (32.7% vs. 47.1%, p < 0.001) and shorter ICU length of stay (7 vs. 9 days, p < 0.026), and a lower frequency of sepsis (17% vs. 24%, p = 0.005), KRT (6.4% vs. 13%, p < 0.001), and IVM (4.6% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.002). There were no differences in hospital mortality between groups.Conclusion Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 differ between older inpatients with and without dementia. We observed that dementia alone could not explain the higher short-term mortality following severe COVID-19. Therefore, clinicians should consider other risk factors such as acute morbidity severity and baseline frailty when evaluating the prognosis of older adults with dementia hospitalised with COVID-19.
Color Deconvolution as a Simple and Rapid Tool in Quantitative Biomedical Research
(2024) NUCCI, Ricardo Aparecido Baptista; JACOB-FILHO, Wilson; SOUZA, Romeu Rodrigues de; MAIFRINO, Laura Beatriz Mesiano
Advancing cognitive assessment in telemedicine: Validity and reliability of the telephone 10-point cognitive screener
(2023) RICO, Bruno Marcondes Hottum; ALIBERTI, Marlon Juliano Romero; SILVA, Natalia Oliveira Trajano da; BUSSE, Alexandre Leopold; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago Junqueira; MAGALDI, Regina Miksian; APOLINARIO, Daniel
Content validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the Cognitive Symptom Checklist-Work-21
(2023) ROCHA, Elaine Cristina Lopes da; SOUSA, Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa; LUCCHESI, Paola Alves de Oliveira; FARIA, Magda Guimaraes de Araujo; BALBINOTTI, Marcos Alencar Abaide; REBUSTINI, Flavio; FERRETTI-REBUSTINI, Renata Eloah de Lucena; GALLASCH, Cristiane Helena
Objective: to cross-culturally adapt and assess the content validity evidence of the Cognitive Symptom Checklist-Work-21 for the Brazilian context. Method: a psychometric study of cross-cultural adaptation, covering the stages of translation, reconciliation, back-translation, intercultural equivalence assessment and content validity evidence analysis, considering Content Validity Ratio parameters in breast cancer survivors. Results: the translations were equivalent to the original version. Colloquial expressions were modified, tense, verbal adjusted, and two items containing multiple commands were separated. The final version now contains 22 items, presenting semantic, conceptual, idiomatic and experimental equivalences. The pre-test indicated good understanding and ease in the response process. Conclusion: the final version was defined as ""Lista de verificacao de sintomas cognitivos relacionados ao trabalho -22 itens"", showing good linguistic equivalence and strong evidence of content validity in the Brazilian context.
The Confusion Assessment Method in action: Implementation of a protocol to increase delirium screening and diagnosis
(2023) AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago Junqueira; JR, Jose Adenaldo Santos Bittencourt; MIGUEL, Cesar Gomes; ROZZINO, Tatianna Pinheiro da Costa; VACCARI, Andreia Maria Heins; BARBOSA, Michelle Simone; SZLEJF, Claudia
The use of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for delirium assessment in real-life can be inconsistent. We examined the impact of a protocol on delirium screening and detection in hospitalized older adults using the CAM. We analyzed data from 32,338 admissions to a quaternary hospital between 2018 and 2022. We assessed the percentage of admissions screened for delirium, adherence to daily screening, positive screening, and overlap with ICD-10 coding. The percentage of admissions screened for delirium increased from 74% in 2018 to 98.7% in 2022. Adherence to daily screening was achieved in 24.5% of admissions, and the percentage of positive screenings fluctuated between 8.4% and 11.5%. Among the admissions with a delirium-related ICD-10 code, 32% had a positive screening, 62% were negative, and 6% remained unscreened. While implementing a protocol increased the proportion of admissions screened for delirium, adherence to daily screening and consistency of positive delirium screenings remain areas for improvement.(c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Unplanned ICU admissions and implications for adverse outcomes in a prospective cohort of older patients admitted through the emergency department
(2023) MACHADO, Fernando P.; ALIBERTI, Marlon J. R.; SILVA, Vinicius B. O.; MORINAGA, Christian V.; AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago J.; CURIATI, Pedro K.
Fairness: from the guts to the brain - a critical examination by Atlantic fellows of the Global Brain Health Institute
(2023) AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago Junqueira; TRUJILLO, Natalia; UDEH-MOMOH, Chinedu
In January 2023, the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) at UCSF hosted an online salon to discuss the relationship between fairness and brain health equity. We aimed to address two primary questions: first, how is fairness perceived by the public, and how does it manifest in societal constructs like equity and justice? Second, what are the neurobiological foundations of fairness, and how do they impact brain health? Drawing from interdisciplinary fields such as philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience, the salon served as a platform for participants to share diverse perspectives on fairness. Fairness is a multifaceted concept encompassing equity, justice, empathy, opportunity, non-discrimination, and the Golden Rule, but by delving into its evolutionary origins, we can verify its deep-rooted presence in both human and animal behaviors. Real-world experiments, such as Frans de Waal's capuchin monkey study, have proven enlightening, elucidating many mechanisms that have shaped our neurobiological responses to fairness. Contemporary cognitive neuroscience research further emphasizes the role of neuroanatomical areas and neurotransmitters in encoding fairness-related processes. We also discussed the critical interconnection between fairness and healthcare equity, particularly its implications for brain health. These values are instrumental in promoting social justice and improving health outcomes. In our polarized social landscape, there are rising concerns about a potential decrease in fairness and prosocial behaviors due to isolated social bubbles. We stress the urgency for interventions that enhance perspective-taking, reasoning, and empathy. Overall, fairness is vital to fostering an equitable society and its subsequent influence on brain health outcomes.
The (in)visible Brazilians: A perspective review on the need for brain health and dementia research with Brazilian immigrants in the United States
(2023) SIMON, Sharon Sanz; BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi; FONSECA, Luciana Mascarenhas; BECKER, Jacqueline; CAPPI, Carolina; MARQUES, Andrea Horvath; HEYN, Patricia C.; GONCALVES, Priscila Dib; MARTINS, Silvia S.; BUSATTO, Geraldo; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; NITRINI, Ricardo; CARAMELLI, Paulo; YASSUDA, Monica Sanches; MIOTTO, Eliane Correa; GRINBERG, Lea Tenenholz; RENTERIA, Miguel Arce; ALEGRIA, Margarita; STERN, Yaakov; RIVERA-MINDT, Monica; BERTOLA, Laiss
Introduction: The Brazilian population in the United States (U.S.), a Latinx subgroup, is rapidly growing and aging but remains underrepresented in U.S. health research. In addition to group-specific genetic and environmental risks, Brazilian immigrants and their offspring in the U.S. likely have cumulative risks for health inequities. It is estimated that 71% of Brazilian immigrants in the U.S. are undocumented, which may limit healthcare access/utilization. Furthermore, mental health is reported as a health priority by Brazilian immigrants in the U.S., and there is a lack of research on Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (AD/ADRD) in this population.Methods: We reviewed the scientific literature using traditional (e.g., PubMed) sources and databases generated by U.S. and Brazilian governments, as well as international organizations, and press articles.Results: This perspective review lists recommendations for researchers, health providers, and policymakers to promote greater inclusion of U.S. Brazilian populations in health research and care. The review identifies research areas in need of attention to address health inequities and promote mental/brain health in Brazilian immigrants and their offspring living in the U.S. These research areas are: 1) epidemiological studies to map the prevalence and incidence of mental/brain health conditions; 2) research on aging and AD/ADRD risk factors among Brazilian populations in the U.S.; and 3) the need for greater representation of U.S-residing Brazilian population in other relevant research areas involving genetics, neuropathology, and clinical trials.Conclusions: The recommendation and research efforts proposed should help to pave the way for the development of community-engagement research and to promote mental/brain health education, improvement of mental/brain health and AD/ADRD services, and the development of culturally-informed intervention to the U.S.-residing Brazilian communities.
The (in)visible Brazilians: A perspective review on the need for brain health and dementia research with Brazilian immigrants in the United States ( vol 9, e12425, 2023)
(2023) SIMON, Sharon Sanz; BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi; FONSECA, Luciana Mascarenhas; BECKER, Jacqueline; CAPPI, Carolina; MARQUES, Andrea Horvath; HEYN, Patricia C.; GONCALVES, Priscila Dib; MARTINS, Silvia S.; BUSATTO, Geraldo; BERTOLA, Laiss; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie; NITRINI, Ricardo; CARAMELLI, Paulo; YASSUDA, Monica Sanches; MIOTTO, Eliane Correa; GRINBERG, Lea Tenenholz; RENTERIA, Miguel Arce; ALEGRIA, Margarita; STERN, Yaakov; RIVERA-MINDT, Monica
The pervasive association between political ideology and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Brazil: an ecologic study
(2023) SEARA-MORAIS, Gabriel J.; AVELINO-SILVA, Thiago J.; COUTO, Marcia; AVELINO-SILVA, Vivian I.
Background Despite the unequivocal benefits of vaccination, vaccine coverage has been falling in several countries in the past few years. Studies suggest that vaccine hesitancy is an increasingly significant phenomenon affecting adherence to vaccines. More recently, during the COVID-19 pandemic, political views have emerged as an additional influencing factor for vaccine hesitancy.Methods In this ecologic study, we used information from publicly available databases to investigate the association between political ideology, depicted by the percentage of votes for the right-wing candidate Jair Bolsonaro in the presidential elections of 2018 and 2022, and COVID-19 vaccination in Brazilian municipalities. The primary endpoint was the COVID-19 vaccination index, calculated as the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered up to September 2022 divided by the number of inhabitants in each municipality. The analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression models adjusted for HDI, the percentage of male voters, the percentage of voters who were older than 50 years old, and the percentage of voters with a middle school education or less. In addition, we explored whether the effect of the percentage of Bolsonaro voters on the COVID-19 vaccination index was modified in different quartiles of HDI using an interaction term.Results Five thousand five hundred sixty-three Brazilian municipalities were included in the analysis. For both the 2018 and 2022 elections, the percentage of votes for Jair Bolsonaro was significantly and inversely associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake after adjustment for the sociodemographic characteristics of the voters (change in mean vaccination index in 2018 for each 1% increase in Bolsonaro voters-0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]-0.13 to-0.08, p < 0.001; change in mean vaccination index in 2022 for each 1% increase in Bolsonaro voters-0.09, 95% CI-0.11 to-0.07, p < 0.001). We also found a statistically significant interaction between the primary predictor of interest and HDI scores, with a more significantly detrimental effect of the right-wing political stance in municipalities in the lower HDI quartiles (interaction p < 0.001 for the first HDI quartile; p = 0.001 for the second HDI quartile).Conclusion Our findings suggest that political ideologies have influenced COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazilian municipalities, affecting communities inequitably. The politicization of vaccines is a new challenge for vaccine programs. Strategies to face these challenges should include joint efforts from governments and civil society for a common public health goal.
Synaptic proteasome is inhibited in Alzheimer's disease models and associates with memory impairment in mice
(2023) RIBEIRO, Felipe C.; COZACHENCO, Danielle; HEIMFARTH, Luana; FORTUNA, Juliana T. S.; FREITAS, Guilherme B. de; SOUSA, Jorge M. de; ALVES-LEON, Soniza V.; LEITE, Renata E. P.; SUEMOTO, Claudia K.; GRINBERG, Lea T.; FELICE, Fernanda G. De; LOURENCO, Mychael V.; FERREIRA, Sergio T.
The proteasome plays key roles in synaptic plasticity and memory by regulating protein turnover, quality control, and elimination of oxidized/misfolded proteins. Here, we investigate proteasome function and localization at synapses in Alzheimer's disease (AD) post-mortem brain tissue and in experimental models. We found a marked increase in ubiquitinylated proteins in post-mortem AD hippocampi compared to controls. Using several experimental models, we show that amyloid-beta oligomers (A beta Os) inhibit synaptic proteasome activity and trigger a reduction in synaptic proteasome content. We further show proteasome inhibition specifically in hippocampal synaptic fractions derived from APPswePS1 Delta E9 mice. Reduced synaptic proteasome activity instigated by A beta Os is corrected by treatment with rolipram, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in mice. Results further show that dynein inhibition blocks A beta O-induced reduction in dendritic proteasome content in hippocampal neurons. Finally, proteasome inhibition induces AD-like pathological features, including reactive oxygen species and dendritic spine loss in hippocampal neurons, inhibition of hippocampal mRNA translation, and memory impairment in mice. Results suggest that proteasome inhibition may contribute to synaptic and memory deficits in AD. A study involving several research models suggests that the function and synaptic localization of proteasomes, intracellular machineries involved in protein degradation, are impaired in the brains affected by Alzheimer's disease.
Association between carotid intima-media thickness and cognitive decline differs by race
(2023) FERREIRA, Naomi Vidal; BERTOLA, Laiss; SANTOS, Itamar S.; GOULART, Alessandra C.; BITTENCOURT, Marcio S.; BARRETO, Sandhi Maria; GIATTI, Luana; CARAMELLI, Paulo; PEREIRA, Alexandre; LOTUFO, Paulo Andrade; BENSENOR, Isabela M.; SUEMOTO, Claudia Kimie
IntroductionCommon carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and is associated with cognitive decline. Although carotid atherosclerosis is more frequent in White than in Black participants, little is known whether race modifies the association between cIMT and cognitive decline. MethodsIn this longitudinal analysis of the ELSA-Brasil, we assessed cIMT using ultrasound and cognitive performance using different domain tests. We used linear mixed models, interaction analysis, and race stratified analyses. ResultsBaseline high IMT values were associated with memory (p < 0.001), verbal fluency (p < 0.001), TMT-B (p < 0.001)), and global cognitive decline (p < 0.001). Race was an effect modifier in the association between IMT and global cognitive decline (0.043), with stronger association in White (p < 0.001) than in Black (p = 0.009) participants. DiscussionBaseline IMT was associated with global and domain-specific cognitive decline and race modified this relationship, with stronger associations in White participants. HighlightsCarotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was associated with cognitive decline.cIMT and cognitive decline association was stronger in White than in Black participants.We used inverse probability weighting to address attrition bias.

Navegar

Submissões Recentes