COVID-19
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Comunidade Temática criada com o objetivo de disponibilizar de forma mais rápida e abrangente a produção científica do Sistema FMUSP-HC sobre COVID-19 e os diversos aspectos da pandemia.
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Pedagogical concerns of physical therapist professors and their perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic
(2023) ARAUJO, Cintia Pereira de; OLIVO, Clarice Rosa
ABSTRACT In health professions education, professors usually face some difficulties and concerns. The COVID-19 pandemic has further amplified these challenges, leading to changes in teaching methods and new concerns. This study aimed to identify undergraduate physical therapy professors’ concerns (PC) about the learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical therapists who served as undergraduate physical therapy professors in Brazil answered a questionnaire on PC (Teacher Concerns Questionnaire - TCQ), a sociodemographic profile questionnaire, and an open-ended question on the perception of changes in PC during the pandemic. A total of 187 physical therapist professors completed the questionary and had moderate PC (TCQ 49.6±10.5), with no association with the stage of their teaching career, age, and length of professional training. Participants in continuing education activities had higher PC. Of the participants, 94.1% reported changes in PC resulting from the pandemic. Therefore, professors who participate in continuing education activities are more concerned about the impact of their practice than those who do not participate. At the same time, these concerns seem to have changed during the pandemic.
The presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance among older individuals with and without self-reported chronic diseases
(2023) SILVA, Thaís Bento Lima da; ORDONEZ, Tiago Nascimento; SILVA, Guilherme Alves da; SOUZA, Maria Antônia Antunes de; SILVA, Sabrina Aparecida da; SANTOS, Gabriela dos; GUTIERREZ, Beatriz Aparecida Ozello; MOREIRA, Ana Paula Bagli; COSTA, Laydiane Alves; MORAES, Luiz Carlos de; LESSA, Patrícia Prata; CARDOSO, Neide Pereira; SAKAGUCHI, Mitsuru; SILVA, Henrique Salmazo da; BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi
ABSTRACT. Dementias secondary to cardiovascular diseases are the second cause of neurogenerative diseases. These conditions can be prevented by controlling risk factors, and it is necessary to observe the relationship between chronic diseases. Objective: to know the influence of chronic non-communicable diseases on cognition and depressive symptoms in the elderly, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: 578 older adults were evaluated using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and an open questionnaire related to NCDs. Results: the association of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) with age, depressive symptoms and schooling was confirmed. Conclusion: no association with cognitive decline was evident due to the relationship of high schooling of participants and control of NCDs.
Performance and labor conditions of physiotherapists in Brazilian intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic. What did we learn?
(2023) RESENDE, Andressa Sabrina de Oliveira; BACCI, Suzi Laine Longo dos Santos; PAULA, Ítalo Ribeiro; PEREIRA, Leandro Alves; JOHNSTON, Cíntia; LUSZCZYNSKI, Valéria Cabral Neves; AZEVEDO, Vívian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the role of physiotherapists in assisting patients suspected to have or diagnosed with COVID-19 hospitalized in intensive care units in Brazil regarding technical training, working time, care practice, labor conditions and remuneration. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was carried out through an electronic questionnaire distributed to physiotherapists who worked in the care of patients with COVID-19 in Brazilian intensive care units. Results: A total of 657 questionnaires were completed by physiotherapists from the five regions of the country, with 85.3% working in adult, 5.4% in neonatal, 5.3% in pediatric and 3.8% in mixed intensive care units (pediatric and neonatal). In intensive care units with a physiotherapists available 24 hours/day, physiotherapists worked more frequently (90.6%) in the assembly, titration, and monitoring of noninvasive ventilation (p = 0.001). Most intensive care units with 12-hour/day physiotherapists (25.8%) did not apply any protocol compared to intensive care units with 18-hour/day physiotherapy (9.9%) versus 24 hours/day (10.2%) (p = 0.032). Most of the respondents (51.0%) received remuneration 2 or 3 times the minimum wage, and only 25.1% received an additional payment for working with patients suspected to have or diagnosed with COVID-19; 85.7% of them did not experience a lack of personal protective equipment. Conclusion: Intensive care units with 24-hour/day physiotherapists had higher percentages of protocols and noninvasive ventilation for patients with COVID-19. The use of specific resources varied between the types of intensive care units and hospitals and in relation to the physiotherapists’ labor conditions. This study showed that most professionals had little experience in intensive care and low wages.
Simulação in situ e suas diferentes aplicações na área da saúde: uma revisão integrativa
(2023) SANTOS, Marcos Maciel Candido Justino dos; LIMA, Sara Fiterman; VIEIRA, Carine Freitas Galvão; SLULLITEL, Alexandre; SANTOS, Elaine Cristina Negri; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Gerson Alves
Abstract Introduction: The in situ simulation (ISS) consists of a training technique that takes place in the real workplace as a relevant method to promote environmental fidelity in the simulated scenario. Objective: To verify the use of the ISS in the world, to understand its applicability in healthcare. Method: This is an integrative review, which used the following guiding question: How has in situ simulation been used by health professionals? Searches were carried out in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Web of Science databases, with different combinations of the following descriptors: in situ simulation, health and medicine (in Portuguese, English and Spanish) and the Boolean operators AND and OR using a temporal filter from 2012 to 2021. A total of 358 articles were found and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and also with an independent peer review, using Rayyan, leaving 190 articles for this review. Results: The results showed that the United States has the absolute majority of productions (97/51%), followed by Canada, but with a large numerical difference (18/9.5%). Most of the works are written in English (184/96.8%), are quasi-experimental studies (97/51%), and have multidisciplinary teams as the target audience (155/81.6%). The articles have 11,315 participants and 2,268 simulation interventions. The main ISS scenarios were the urgent and emergency sectors (114/60%), followed by the ICU (17/9%), delivery room (16/8.42%) and surgical center (13/6.84%). The most frequently studied topics were CPR (27/14.21%), COVID-19 (21/11%), childbirth complications (13/6.8%) and trauma (11/5.8%). Discussion: The pointed-out advantages include the opportunity for professional updating with the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies, in an environment close to the real thing and at low cost, as it does not depend on expensive simulation centers. Conclusion: In situ simulation has been used by health professionals worldwide, as a health education strategy, with good results for learning and training at different moments of professional training, with improved care and low cost. There is still much to expand in relation to the use of ISS, especially in Brazil, in the publication of studies and experience reports on this approach.
GOVERNANÇA E COORDENAÇÃO NO SUS: Aprendendo com a pandemia de Covid-19
(2023) COELHO, VERA SCHATTAN P.; BLOOM, GERRY; PAES-SOUSA, RÔMULO; FIORE, DANILO CESAR; VIANA, ANA LUIZA; IBAÑEZ, NELSON; ARBIX, GLAUCO; MELLO, GUILHERME; CERON, MARIANE
ABSTRACT For plural health systems, promoting coordination between multiple sectors and governments levels is a permanent challenge. This study explores how the SUS dealt with this challenge during the Covid-19 pandemic, identifying proactive subnational actors, cross-sector cooperation and digital health as innovations that enhanced this coordination. Their emergence, the possibilities they represent for improving the SUS and how they can be sustained are discussed.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN A TERTIARY ADMISSION UNIT OF SPINE DISEASES
(2023) COIMBRA, BRIAN GUILHERME MONTEIRO MARTA; FREITAS, MATHEUS TRINDADE BRUXELAS DE; LIMA, RAFAELA PEREIRA DE; PERINI, DANIEL DUARTE; BARROS FILHO, TARCíSIO ELOY PESSOA DE; CRISTANTE, ALEXANDRE FOGAçA; MARCON, RAPHAEL MARTUS
ABSTRACT Introduction: In March 2020, WHO officially decreed that the world was going through a pandemic, that of Covid-19. In May 2022, in Brazil, the end of measures to deal with the pandemic was decreed. In 2022, there was a movement to return to normal care in the provision of care. Objective: In the present study, we carried out a retrospective descriptive analysis of the epidemiological scenario of the ward of the Spine Group at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP). Method: Data analysis was performed from information gathered in patients’ medical records. Results: In the analyzed period, there were 152 consultations in hospitalization, with the main cause being spinal trauma. Of all the cases, only 23.68% were scheduled on an elective basis, which despite being a lower than expected number, was shaped by the demands of urgent care channeled to the service in question. Conclusion: Despite a higher number of cases hospitalized in the post-pandemic period, there is still the expectancy of more elective cases to be treated in the future. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Case Series Study.
How Can COVID-19 Influence the Evolution of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes?
(2024) SOEIRO, Alexandre de Matos
The Use of the Oxygenation Stretch Index to Predict Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated PatientsWith COVID-19 ARDS
(2023) ROLDAN, Rollin; BARRIGA, Fernando; VILLAMONTE, Renan; ROMANI, Franco; TUCCI, Mauro; GONZALES, Arturo; WONG, Paolo; ZAGACETA, Jorge; BROCHARD, Laurent
BACKGROUND: In ARDS caused by COVID-19 pneumonia, appropriate adjustment of physiologic parameters based on lung stretch or oxygenation may optimize the ventilatory strategy. This study aims to describe the prognostic performance on 60-d mortality of single and composite respiratory variables in subjects with COVID- 19 ARDS who are on mechanical ventilation with a lung-protective strategy, including the oxygenation stretch index combining oxygenation and driving pressure (Delta P). METHODS: This single-center observational cohort study enrolled 166 subjects on mechanical ventilation and diagnosed with COVID-19 ARDS. We evaluated their clinical and physiologic characteristics. The primary study outcome was 60-d mortality. Prognostic factors were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression model, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: Mortality at day 60 was 18.1%, and hospital mortality was 22.9%. Oxygenation, DP, and composite variables were tested: oxygenation stretch index (P-aO2 /F-IO2 divided by Delta P) and Delta P 3 4 + breathing frequency (f) (Delta P 3 4 + f). At both day 1 and day 2 after inclusion, the oxygenation stretch index had the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (oxygenation stretch index on day 1 0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.84) and on day 2 0.83 (95% CI 0.76-0.91) to predict 60-d mortality, although without significant difference from other indexes. In multivariable Cox regression, Delta P, PaO2 /FIO2, Delta P 3 4 + f, and oxygenation stretch index were all associated with 60-d mortality. When dichotomizing the variables, Delta P >= 14, P-aO2 / F-IO2 >= 152 mm Hg, Delta P x 4 + f >= 80, and oxygenation stretch index < 7.7 showed lower 60-d survival probability. At day 2, after optimization of ventilatory settings, the subjects who persisted with the worse cutoff values for the oxygenation stretch index showed a lower probability of survival at 60 d compared with day 1; this was not the case for other parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The oxygenation stretch index, which combines P-aO2 /F-IO2 and DP, is associated with mortality and may be useful to predict clinical outcomes in COVID-19 ARDS.
Cold Atmospheric Helium Plasma in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Promising Tool for the Disinfection of Silicone Endotracheal Prostheses
(2024) SILVA, Diego Morais da; NASCIMENTO, Fellype Do; MILHAN, Noala Vicensoto Moreira; OLIVEIRA, Maria Alcioneia Carvalho de; CARDOSO, Paulo Francisco Guerreiro; LEGENDRE, Daniel; AOKI, Fabio Gava; KOSTOV, Konstantin Georgiev; KOGA-ITO, Cristiane Yumi
Despite the excellent properties of silicone endotracheal prostheses, their main limitation is the formation of a polymicrobial biofilm on their surfaces. It can cause local inflammation, interfering with the local healing process and leading to further complications in the clinical scenario. The present study evaluated the inhibitory effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on multispecies biofilms grown on the silicone protheses' surfaces. In addition to silicone characterization before and after CAP exposure, CAP cytotoxicity on immortalized human bronchial epithelium cell line (BEAS-2B) was evaluated. The aging time test reported that CAP could temporarily change the silicone surface wetting characteristics from hydrophilic (80.5 degrees) to highly hydrophilic (<5 degrees). ATR-FTIR showed no significant alterations in the silicone surficial chemical composition after CAP exposure for 5 min. A significant log reduction in viable cells in monospecies biofilms (log CFU/mL) of C. albicans, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa (0.636, 0.738, and 1.445, respectively) was detected after CAP exposure. Multispecies biofilms exposed to CAP showed significant viability reduction for C. albicans and S. aureus (1.385 and 0.831, respectively). The protocol was not cytotoxic to BEAS-2B. CAP can be a simple and effective method to delay multispecies biofilm formation inside the endotracheal prosthesis.
Cardiovascular Safety of Azithromycin in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Prespecified Pooled Analysis of the COALITION I and COALITION II Randomized Clinical Trials
(2024) FURTADO, Remo H. M.; SILVA, Pedro G. M. Barros e; FONSECA, Henrique A. R.; SERPA-NETO, Ary; CORREA, Thiago D.; GUIMARAES, Helio P.; PEREIRA, Adriano J.; OLIVATO, Guilherme B.; ZAMPIERI, Fernando G.; LISBOA, Thiago; JUNQUEIRA, Debora L. M.; LAPA, Maura G.; MONFARDINI, Frederico; DAMIANI, Lucas P.; ECHENIQUE, Leandro S.; GEBARA, Otavio E.; HOFFMAN FILHO, Conrado R.; POLANCZYK, Carisi A.; ROHDE, Luis E.; AMAZONAS, Roberto; MACHADO, Flavia R.; AVEZUM, Alvaro; AZEVEDO, Luciano C. P.; VEIGA, Viviane C.; ROSA, Regis G.; LOPES, Renato D.; CAVALCANTI, Alexandre B.; BERWANGER, Otavio
The cardiovascular safety from azithromycin in the treatment of several infectious diseases has been challenged. In this prespecified pooled analysis of 2 multicenter randomized clinical trials, we aimed to assess whether the use of azithromycin might lead to corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation or clinically relevant ventricular arrhythmias. In the COALITION COVID Brazil I trial, 667 patients admitted with moderate COVID-19 were randomly allocated to hydroxychloroquine, hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin, or standard of care. In the COALITION COVID Brazil II trial, 447 patients with severe COVID-19 were randomly allocated to hydroxychloroquine alone versus hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin. The principal end point for the present analysis was the composite of death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or ventricular arrhythmias. The addition of azithromycin to hydroxychloroquine did not result in any prolongation of the QTc interval (425.8 +/- 3.6 ms vs 427.9 +/- 3.9 ms, respectively, mean difference -2.1 ms, 95% confidence interval -12.5 to 8.4 ms, p = 0.70). The combination of azithromycin plus hydroxychloroquine compared with hydroxychloroquine alone did not result in increased risk of the primary end point (proportion of patients with events at 15 days 17.2% vs 16.0%, respectively, hazard ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.78 to 1.49, p = 0.65). In conclusion, in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 already receiving standardof-care management (including hydroxychloroquine), the addition of azithromycin did not result in the prolongation of the QTc interval or increase in cardiovascular adverse events. Because azithromycin is among the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents, our results may inform clinical practice. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04322123, NCT04321278.