LIM/38 - Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia
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O Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia é ligado ao Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP).
Linhas de pesquisa: epidemiologia das neoplasias; epidemiologia da AIDS e outras doenças transmissíveis; imunopatogenia de leishmanioses; métodos diagnósticos e alternativas terapêuticas das doenças negligenciadas; coinfecção HIV/leishmania.
Site oficial: http://limhc.fm.usp.br/portal/lim38-laboratorio-de-epidemiologia-e-imunobiologia/
Linhas de pesquisa: epidemiologia das neoplasias; epidemiologia da AIDS e outras doenças transmissíveis; imunopatogenia de leishmanioses; métodos diagnósticos e alternativas terapêuticas das doenças negligenciadas; coinfecção HIV/leishmania.
Site oficial: http://limhc.fm.usp.br/portal/lim38-laboratorio-de-epidemiologia-e-imunobiologia/
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- LIM/38 - Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia
- LIM/38 - Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia
- LIM/38 - Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Imunobiologia
Submissões Recentes
You knew you had to be there, it had to be done: Experiences of health professionals who faced the COVID-19 pandemic in one public hospital in Spain
(2023) RODRIGUEZ-MADRID, Maria Nieves; PASTOR-MORENO, Guadalupe; ALBERT-LOPEZ, Enrique; PASTOR-VALERO, Maria
IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the lack of a government contingency plan for an effective response to an unexpected health crisis. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of healthcare professionals during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a public health hospital in the Valencia region, Spain. It assesses the impact on their health, coping strategies, institutional support, organizational changes, quality of care, and lessons learned. MethodsWe carried out a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews with doctors and nurses from the Preventive Medicine, Emergency, and Internal Medicine Services and the Intensive Care Unit, using the Colaizzi's 7-step data analysis method. ResultsDuring the first wave, lack of information and leadership led to feelings of uncertainty, fear of infection, and transmission to family members. Continuous organizational changes and lack of material and human resources brought limited results. The lack of space to accommodate patients, along with insufficient training in treating critical patients, and the frequent moving around of healthcare workers, reduced the quality of care. Despite the high levels of emotional stress reported, no sick leave was taken; the high levels of commitment and professional vocation helped in adapting to the intense work rhythms. Healthcare professionals in the medical services and support units reported higher levels of stress, and a greater sense of neglect by their institution than their colleagues in managerial roles. Family, social support, and camaraderie at work were effective coping strategies. Health professionals showed a strong collective spirit and sense of solidarity. This helped them cope with the additional stress and workload that accompanied the pandemic. ConclusionIn the wake of this experience, they highlight the need for a contingency plan adapted to each organizational context. Such a plan should include psychological counseling and continuous training in critical patient care. Above all, it needs to take advantage of the hard-won knowledge born of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sexual health and sexually transmitted infections prevention among people who have sex between vulvas: a Brazilian analysis
(2024) BARTOLLETI, Flavia; AVELINO-SILVA, Vivian I.; HANITZSCH, Eugenia; SOUZA, Athos
Ultra-processed food consumption, cancer risk and cancer mortality: a prospective study of the UK Biobank
(2023) CHANG, Kiara Chu-Mei; MILLETT, Christopher; RAUBER, Fernanda; LEVY, Renata B.; HUYBRECHTS, Inge; KILEMANN, Nathalie; GUNTER, Marc J.; VAMOS, Eszter P.
Association of two Nova-scores of diet quality with weight gain in the Nutrinet-Brasil cohort
(2023) LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; COSTA, Caroline dos Santos; GABE, Kamila Tiemann; LOUZADA, Maria Laura da Costa; SANTOS, Francine Silva dos; MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto
Description and performance evaluation of two new web-based tools developed to assess and monitor diet quality: Nova-HF and Nova-UPF screeners
(2023) LOUZADA, Maria Laura da Costa; SANTOS, Francine Silva dos; GABE, Kamila Tiemann; COSTA, Caroline dos Santos; LEVY, Renata Bertazzi; MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto
Beyond HIV prevention: Assessment of the benefits of pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexual quality of life
(2024) BERTEVELLO, Daniel A.; VASCONCELOS, Ricardo; CERQUEIRA, Natalia B.; FREITAS, Angela C.; CUNHA, Ana; I, Vivian Avelino-Silva
Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may favor sexual satisfaction by reducing the fear of HIV and promoting less restrictive sexual practices. These benefits may be even higher among PrEP users with mental health issues. Methods: We invited adult PrEP users to answer a questionnaire including demographics, questions on the sexual experience compared to the period before PrEP use, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Factors associated with improvements in the sexual experience were investigated using modified Poisson models. Results: We included 221 participants; most were white males. A large percentage of participants reported improvements in quality of sex after PrEP initiation; the composite outcome ""PrEP-associated improvement in the quality of sex"" was observed in 92 (42%), whereas the outcome ""PrEP-associated improvement in the fear of HIV acquisition"" was observed in 120 participants (54%). Demographics and depression/anxiety were not significantly associated with the outcomes. Conclusion: PrEP has positive effects beyond HIV prevention, improving several aspects of sexual quality of life. These benefits are valid incentives for PrEP use and prescription.
Dimensions of harassment at school: dialogs about gender with young high school students in Sao Paulo/Brazil
(2023) SILVA, Cristiane Goncalves da; LEITE, Vanessa Jorge; PONTES, Julia Clara de
In this article, we discuss uses of ""harassment"" as a category employed by young students from public high schools to make sense of violence and gender discrimination experiences that occur in and out of school. The analysis is based on fieldwork records produced within the scope of a multicenter, mixed -methods research carried out in nine schools located in Sao Paulo. Harassment appears as a polysemic category that, by naming violence, helps to face gender and generation hierarchies and inequalities. We infer that the young girls have questioned norms and attitudes that feed gender inequalities in schools; in addition, they have denounced the silence or inadequacy of the institution in facing the problem. This enables to identify convergences with a new sensibility regarding violence against women that globalized feminist discourses have brought to the surface.
Promotion of ultra-processed foods in Brazil: combined use of claims and promotional features on packaging
(2023) ANDRADE, Giovanna Calixto; MAIS, Lais Amaral; RICARDO, Camila Zancheta; DURAN, Ana Clara; MARTINS, Ana Paula Bortoletto
OBJECTIVE: To assess the availability of different promotional strategies applied for UPF sales in Brazilian food retailers. METHODS: Information available on food packaging was gathered from all packaged products sold in the five largest food retail chains in Brazil in 2017. UPF were identified using the NOVA food classification system. From this sample, data related to promotional characteristics, nutrition claims and health claims were collected and coded using the INFORMAS methodology. Additional claims referring to the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines were also collected. RESULTS: This study evaluated the packaging of 2,238 UPF, of which 59.8% presented at least one promotional strategy. Almost one third denoted a simultaneous use of different promotional strategies in the same packaging. Nutrition claims were the most commonly found promotional strategy, followed by health claims and the use of characters. The food subgroups comprising the highest prevalence of promotional strategies on their labels were: noncaloric sweeteners (100.0%), breakfast cereals and granola bars (96.2%), juices, nectars and fruit-flavoured drinks (92.9%), other unsweetened beverages (92.9%), and other sweetened beverages (92.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the poor nutritional quality of UPF, the widespread presence of promotional features on their packaging highlights the need for marketing restrictions on this kind of product.
Civil society and community social support initiatives for vulnerable groups in primary care center catchment areas: the role of the FHS during the pandemic
(2023) MENDONCA, Maria Helena Magalhaes de; SOARES, Mariangela Uhlmann; SPADACIO, Cristiane; ALVES, Marcia Guimaraes de Mello; SCHENKMAN, Simone; BOUSQUAT, Aylene Emilia Moraes; GIOVANELLA, Ligia
The pandemic highlighted new and old health risks that require health actions and social support. This study analyzed the knowledge of health professionals working in primary health care centers (PHCCs) regarding civil society and health service separately or along with health promotion and social support initiatives targeting vulnerable groups. The article begins by discussing the concept of social support and then goes on to present an analysis of empirical data from the multidimensional cross-sectional study ""Challenges facing primary health care in the response to COVID-19 in the SUS"", conducted using a nationally representative sample of PHCCs. Scores were calculated for selected and aggregated variables, and we calculated percentages for selected actions together with 95% confidence intervals at national and regional level. The percentage of PHCCs that supported actions and where the local community developed initiatives in the catchment area varied across regions, with rates being significantly higher in the Northeast and in non-urban municipalities with low MHDI, which was associated with actions developed in the catchment area by community health workers. The findings reveal several gaps and challenges, including the need to amplify the magnitude and scope of intra and intersectoral actions, strengthen ties between different actors, reverse the effects of the pandemic on health inequities and promote further research.
Safeguarding HIV prevention and care services amidst military conflict: experiences from Ukraine
(2023) LOPATINA, Yaroslava; ZAKOWICZ, Anna Maria; SHABAROVA, Zoya; FORD, Terri; FONSECA, Fernanda F.; ODOKE, Wilfred; HOMBERGH, Jan van den; I, Vivian Avelino-Silva; BENZAKEN, Adele Schwartz; MILES, Ralph C.
Ukraine stands out among European countries concerning HIV epidemiological data. Since February 2022, the military conflict with Russian forces has posed unprecedented challenges to HIV prevention and care. AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), a global non-profit organisation with operations in Ukraine since 2009, implemented a preparedness plan to protect staff members and support local facilities in the continuity of care throughout the war. In this manuscript, we describe the strategies adopted by AHF to anticipate the risk of military conflict, steps to implement a preparedness plan, main challenges faced by local staff members and managers, adaptations needed as the conflict evolved, and indicators of HIV care 1 year before and 1 year after the onset of the conflict. Our experience shows that safeguarding the organisation's human resources has been a prerequisite to sustain services throughout the war.