Immune Evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 in a Cohort of Older Adults after ChAdOx1-S Vaccination and BA.4/5 Bivalent Booster

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Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2024
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
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Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
MDPI
Autores
MACHADO, Rafael Rahal Guaragna
CANDIDO, erika Donizetti
AGUIAR, Andressa Simoes
CHALUP, Vanessa Nascimento
SANCHES, Patricia Romao
DORLASS, Erick Gustavo
AMGARTEN, Deyvid Emanuel
DURIGON, Edison Luiz
OLIVEIRA, Danielle Bruna Leal
Citação
VACCINES, v.12, n.2, article ID 144, 13p, 2024
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
The recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages, including the BA.2-derived XBB.1.5 (Kraken), XBB.1.16 (Arcturus), and EG.5.1 (Eris), have accumulated several spike mutations that may increase immune escape, affecting vaccine effectiveness. Older adults are an understudied group at significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19. Here we report the neutralizing activities of 177 sera samples from 59 older adults, aged 62-97 years, 1 and 4 months after vaccination with a 4th dose of ChAdOx1-S (Oxford/AstraZeneca) and 3 months after a 5th dose of Comirnaty Bivalent Original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). The ChAdOx1-S vaccination-induced antibodies neutralized efficiently the ancestral D614G and BA.4/5 variants, but to a much lesser extent the XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, and EG.5.1 variants. The results showed similar neutralization titers between XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 and were lower compared to XBB.1.5. Sera from the same individuals boosted with the bivalent mRNA vaccine contained higher neutralizing antibody titers, providing a better cross-protection against Omicron XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 variants. Previous history of infection during the epidemiological waves of BA.1/BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5, poorly enhanced neutralization activity of serum samples against XBBs and EG.5.1 variants. Our data highlight the continued immune evasion of recent Omicron subvariants and support the booster administration of BA.4/5 bivalent vaccine, as a continuous strategy of updating future vaccine booster doses to match newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Palavras-chave
SARS-CoV-2, Omicron sublineages, XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, ChAdOx1-S, Bivalent BA.4/BA.5 mRNA vaccine, neutralizing antibodies, immune escape, older adults
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/59155
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/ICHC
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - COVID-19