Biomarkers in bladder pain syndrome: A new narrative

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2021
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de Magalhaes, T. F.; Haddad, J.. Biomarkers in bladder pain syndrome: A new narrative. In: . FEATURES AND ASSESSMENTS OF PAIN, ANESTHESIA, AND ANALGESIA: ELSEVIER, 2021. p.527-538.
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Bladder pain syndrome, or interstitial cystitis (IC/BPS), is chronic pain disorder of unknown etiology that negatively affects quality of life. Its definition has changed several times in the past 40years and is not homogeneous throughout guidelines. Proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms for IC/BPS include central neurologic changes, inflammation, urothelial dysfunction, autoimmunity, and infection, among others. In order to aid in disease diagnosis and follow-up, researchers have engaged in discovering biomarkers for this disease. Potential biomarkers for IC/BPS found in the bladder wall, urine, serum, and stool have been reported, but none has proven to be clinically useful so far. In this chapter, biomarkers are explored in relation to possible clinical applications and role in disease pathomechanisms. In order for reports to be comparable and for us to progress in determining useful biomarkers for this disease, the definition of IC/BPS should be standardized. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Biomarkers, Bladder dysfunction, Bladder pain syndrome, Interstitial cystitis, Pathophysiology
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