Hypertension in the developing world: Epidemiologic transition and health statistics in developing countries

Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Citações na Scopus
1
Tipo de produção
bookPart
Data de publicação
2018
DOI
Scopus
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING
Autores
Citação
Koch, V. H.. Hypertension in the developing world: Epidemiologic transition and health statistics in developing countries. In: . PEDIATRIC HYPERTENSION: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING, 2018. p.663-678.
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Hypertension is a major global chronic noncommunicable disease (NCD). Due to epidemiologic shifts, the absolute numbers of patients affected by hypertension in low- and middleincome countries are likely to grow, as increased globalization and economic improvement lead to urbanization and longer life expectancy. Increasing longevity provides longer periods of exposure to the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD), resulting in a greater probability of clinically manifesting CVD events. Compounding this high burden of hypertension is a lack of awareness and insufficient treatment in those with hypertension. Additionally, survivors of an economic transition period are more likely to present the phenotype of lower birth weight coupled with either stunting or a higher body mass index in childhood or adulthood, which appears to be associated with the highest risks of morbid cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic outcomes into adulthood. The combination of population-wide and individual interventions may save millions of lives and considerably reduce human suffering from NCDs. © Springer International Publishing AG 2018.
Palavras-chave
Developing world, Epidemiological transition, Fetal origins of adult disease, Global disease burden, Hypertension, Low birth weight Contents, Malnutrition, Noncommunicable diseases
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/51284
Referências
  1. Adair, L.S., Cole, T.J., Rapid child growth raises blood pressure in adolescent boys who were thin at birth (2003) Hypertension, 41, pp. 451-456
  2. Addo, J., Smeeth, L., Leon, D.A., Hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review (2007) Hypertension, 50, pp. 1012-1018
  3. Alwasel, S.H., Abotalib, Z., Aljarallah, J.S., Osmond, C., Alkharaz, S.M., Alhazza, I.M., Secular increase in placental weight in Saudi Arabia (2011) Placenta, 32, pp. 391 and e4
  4. Armitage, J.A., Khan, I.Y., Taylor, P.D., Nathanielsz, P.W., Poston, L., Developmental programming of the metabolic syndrome by maternal nutritional imbalance: How strong is the evidence from experimental models in mammals? (2004) J Physiol, 561, pp. 355-377
  5. Bagby, S.P., Maternal nutrition, low nephron number, and hypertension in later life: Pathways of nutritional programming (2007) J Nutr, 137, pp. 1066-1072
  6. Bakris, G.L., Ritz, E., Day, W.K., Hypertension and kidney disease is a marriage that should be prevented (2009) Am J Kidney Dis, 53, pp. 373-376
  7. Barker, D.J., Sir Richard Doll Lecture developmental origins of chronic disease (2012) Public Health, 126, pp. 185-189
  8. Barker, D.J., Bull, A.R., Osmond, C., Simmonds, S.J., Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life (1990) BMJ, 301, pp. 259-262
  9. Barker, D.J., Eriksson, J.G., Forsen, T., Osmond, C., Fetal origins of adult disease: Strength of effects and biological basis (2002) Int J Epidemiol, 31, pp. 1235-1239
  10. Barker, D.J., Osmond, C., Forsén, T.J., Kajantie, E., Eriksson, J.G., Trajectories of growth among children who have coronary events as adults (2005) N Engl J Med, 353, pp. 1802-1809
  11. Barker, D.J., Osmond, C., Golding, J., Kuh, D., Wadsworth, M.E., Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease (1989) BMJ, 298, pp. 564-567
  12. Barker, D.J., Osmond, C., Law, C.M., The intrauterine and early postnatal origins of cardiovascular disease and chronic bronchitis (1989) J Epidemiol Community Health, 43, pp. 237-240
  13. Barker, D.J., Osmond, C., Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales (1986) Lancet, 1, pp. 1077-1081
  14. Barker, D.J.P., Hales, C.N., Fall, C.H.D., Osmond, C., Phipps, K., Clark, P.M.S., Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia (syndrome X): Relation to reduced fetal growth (1993) Diabetologia, 36 (1), pp. 62-67
  15. Barker, D.J.P., Martyn, C.N., Osmond, C., Haleb, C.N., Fall, C.H.D., Growth in utero and serum cholesterol concentrations in adult life (1993) BMJ, 307, pp. 1524-1527
  16. Barker, D.J.P., Osmond, C., Winter, P.D., Margetts, B.M., Simmonds, S.J., Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease (1989) Lancet, 2, pp. 577-580
  17. Barker, D.J.P., Developmental origins of adult health and disease (2004) J Epidemiol Community Health, 58, pp. 114-115
  18. Barker, D.J.P., Fetal origins of coronary heart disease (1995) BMJ, 311, pp. 171-174
  19. Barros, F.C., Victora, C.G., Increased blood pressure in adolescents who were small for gestational age at birth: A cohort study in Brazil (1999) Int J Epidemiol, 28, pp. 676-681
  20. Bateson, P., Barker, D., Clutton-Brock, T., Deb, D., Foley, R.A., Gluckman, P., Godfrey, K., Sultan, S.E., Developmental plasticity and human health (2004) Nature, 430 (430), pp. 419-421
  21. Bavdekar, A., Yajnik, C.S., Fall, C.H.D., Insulin resistance syndrome in 8-year-old Indian children: Small at birth, big at 8 years, or both? (1999) Diabetes, 48, pp. 2422-2429
  22. Bergvall, N., Iliadou, A., Johansson, S., de Faire, U., Kramer, M.S., Pawitan, Y., Pedersen, N.L., Cnattingius, S., Genetic and shared environmental factors do not confound the association between birth weight and hypertension: A study among Swedish twins (2007) Circulation, 115, pp. 2931-2938
  23. Brenner, B.M., Garcia, D.L., Anderson, S., Glomeruli and blood pressure less of one, more the other? (1988) Am J Hypertens, 1, pp. 335-347
  24. Brook, J.S., Whiteman, M., Brook, D.W., Transmission of risk factors across three generations (1999) Psychol Rep, 85, pp. 227-241
  25. Campese, V.M., Parise, M., Karubian, F., Bigazzi, R., Abnormal renal hemodynamics in black salt- sensitive patients with hypertension (1991) Hypertension, 18, pp. 805-812
  26. Celsi, G., Kistner, A., Aizman, R., Eklöf, A.C., Ceccatelli, S., de Santiago, A., Jacobson, S.H., Prenatal dexamethasone causes oligonephronia, sodium retention, and higher blood pressure in the offspring (1998) Pediatr Res, 44, pp. 317-322
  27. Cutfield, W.S., Hofman, P.L., Mitchell, M., Morison, I.M., Could epigenetics play a role in the developmental origins of health and disease (2007) Pediatr Res, 61 (5), pp. 68R-75R. , Supplement
  28. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: Summary report (2011) Pediatrics, 128, pp. S213-S256
  29. Ezzati, M., Obermeyer, Z., Tzoulaki, I., Mayosi, B.M., Elliott, P., Leon, D.A., The contributions of risk factors and medical care to cardiovascular mortality trends (2015) Nat Rev Cardiol, 2 (9), pp. 508-530
  30. Forsdahl, A., Are poor living conditions in childhood and adolescence an important risk factor for arteriosclerotic heart disease? (1977) Br J Prev Soc Med, 31, pp. 91-95
  31. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioral, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (2016) Lancet, 388, pp. 1659-1724
  32. Gilbert, T., Lelievre-Pegorier, M., Merlet-Benichou, C., Long-term effects of mild oligonephronia induced in utero by gentamicin in the rat (1991) Pediatr Res, 30, pp. 450-456
  33. Gluckman, P.D., Hanson, M.A., Beedle, A.S., Early life events and their consequences for later disease
  34. a life history and evolutionary perspective (2007) Am J Hum Biol, 19, pp. 1-19
  35. Gluckman, P.D., Hanson, M.A., Living with the past: Evolution, development and patterns of disease (2004) Science, 305, pp. 1733-1736
  36. Godfrey, K.M., Lillycrop, K.A., Burdge, G.C., Gluckman, P.D., Hanson, M.A., Epigenetic mechanisms and the mismatch concept of the developmental origins of health and disease (2007) Pediatr Res, 61 (5), pp. 5R-10R. , Supplement
  37. Gupta, R., Guptha, S., Gupta, V.P., Prakash, H., Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the urban population of Jaipur in western India (1995) J Hypertens, 13, pp. 1193-1200
  38. Gupta, R., Sharma, A.K., Prevalence of hypertension and subtypes in an Indian rural population: Clinical and electrocardiographic correlates (1994) J Hum Hypertens, 8, pp. 823-829
  39. Guyton, A.C., Coleman, T.G., Cowley, A.V., Jr., Scheel, K.W., Manning, R.D., Jr., Norman, R.A., Jr., Arterial pressure regulation. Overriding dominance of the kidneys in long-term regulation and in hypertension (1972) Am J Med, 52, pp. 584-594
  40. Hales, C.N., Barker, D.J., Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: The thrifty phenotype hypothesis (1992) Diabetologia, 35, pp. 595-601
  41. Hales, C.N., Barker, D.J.P., The thrifty phenotype hypothesis (2001) Br Med Bull, 60, pp. 5-20
  42. Heard, E., Martienssen, R.A., Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance: Myths and mechanisms (2014) Cell, 157, pp. 95-109
  43. Hinchliffe, S.A., Lynch, M.R., Sargent, P.H., Howard, C.V., Van Velzen, D., The effect of intrauterine growth retardation on the development of renal nephrons (1992) Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 99, pp. 296-301
  44. Horikoshi, M., Beaumont, R.N., Day, F.R., Warrington, N.M., Kooijman, M.N., Fernandez-Tajes, J., Genome-wide associations for birth weight and correlations with adult disease (2016) Nature, 28, pp. 538 and 248-252
  45. Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Singh, G.R., Douglas-Denton, R., Bertram, J.F., Reduced nephron number and glomerulomegaly in Australian aborigines. A group at high risk for renal disease and hypertension (2006) Kidney Int, 70, pp. 104-110
  46. Hoy, W.E., Rees, M., Kile, E., Mathews, J.D., Wang, Z.A., New dimension to the barker hypothesis: Low birthweight and susceptibility to renal disease (1999) Kidney Int, 56, pp. 1072-1077
  47. Jackson, A.A., All that glitters. British Nutrition Foundation Annual Lecture (2000) Nutr Bull, 25, pp. 11 and e24
  48. Kajantie, E., Osmond, C., Barker, D.J., Forsén, T., Phillips, D.I., Eriksson, J.G., Size at birth as a predictor of mortality in adulthood: A follow-up of 350,000 person-years (2005) Int J Epidemiol, 34, pp. 655-663
  49. Kearney, P.M., Whelton, M., Reynolds, K., Muntner, P., Whelton, P.K., He, J., Global burden of hypertension: Analysis of worldwide data (2005) Lancet, 365, pp. 217-223
  50. Keijzer-Veen, M.G., Schrevel, M., Finken, M.J., Dekker, F.W., Nauta, J., Hille, E.T., Frölich, M., van der Heijden, B.J., Microalbuminuria and lower glomerular filtration rate at young adult age in subjects born very premature and after intrauterine growth retardation (2005) J Am Soc Nephrol, 16, pp. 2762-2768
  51. Keller, G., Zimmer, G., Mall, G., Ritz, E., Amann, K., Nephron number in patients with primary hypertension (2003) N Engl J Med, 348, pp. 101-108
  52. Kermack, W.O., McKendrick, A.G., McKinlay, P.L., Death rates in great Britain and Sweden. Some general regularities and their significance (1934) Lancet, 223, pp. 698-703
  53. Lackland, D.T., Bendall, H.E., Osmond, C., Egan, B.M., Barker, D.J., Low birth weights contribute to high rates of early-onset chronic renal failure in the Southeastern United States (2000) Arch Intern Med, 160, pp. 1472-1476
  54. Law, C.M., Egger, P., Dada, O., Delgado, H., Kylberg, E., Lavin, P., Tang, G.H., Barker, D.J., Body size at birth and blood pressure among children in developing countries (2001) Int J Epidemiol, 30, pp. 52-57
  55. Lelièvre-Pégorier, M., Vilar, J., Ferrier, M.L., Moreau, E., Freund, N., Gilbert, T., Merlet-Bénichou, C., Mild vitamin A deficiency leads to inborn nephron deficit in the rat (1998) Kidney Int, 54, pp. 1455-1462
  56. Levitt, N.S., Steyn, K., De Wet, T., Morrell, C., Edwards, R., Ellison, G.T., Cameron, N., An inverse relation between blood pressure and birth weight among 5 year old children from Soweto (1999) S Afr J Epidemiol Commun Health, 53, pp. 264-268
  57. Lucas, A., Programming by early nutrition in man (1991) CIBA Found Symp, 156, pp. 38-50
  58. Lumey, L.H., Stein, A.D., Offspring birth weights after maternal intrauterine undernutrition: A comparison within sibships (1997) Am J Epidemiol, 146, pp. 810-819
  59. Lurbe, E., Torro, I., Rodríguez, C., Alvarez, V., Redón, J., Birth weight influences blood pressure values and variability in children and adolescents (2001) Hypertension, 38, pp. 389-393
  60. Martyn, C.N., Barker, D.J.P., Jespersen, S., Greenwald, S., Osmond, C., Berry, C., Growth in utero, adult blood pressure and arterial compliance (1995) Br Heart J, 73, pp. 116-121
  61. Mbanya, J.C., Minkoulou, E.M., Salah, J.N., Balkau, B., The prevalence of hypertension in rural and urban Cameroon (1998) Int J Epidemiol, 27, pp. 181-185
  62. McMillen, C., Robinson, J.S., Developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome: Prediction, plasticity, and programming (2005) Physiol Rev, 85, pp. 571-633
  63. Mittal, B.V., Singh, A.K., Hypertension in the developing world: Challenges and opportunities (2010) Am J Kidney Dis, 55, pp. 590-598
  64. Murray, C.J., Lauer, J.A., Hutubessy, R.C., Niessen, L., Tomijima, N., Rodgers, A., Lawes, C.M., Evans, D.B., Effectiveness and costs of interventions to lower systolic blood pressure and cholesterol: A global and regional analysis on reduction of cardiovasculardisease risk (2003) Lancet, 361, pp. 717-725
  65. Murray, C.J.L., Lopez, A.D., (1994) Global comparative assessments in the health sector, , World Health Organization, Geneva
  66. Neel, J.V., Diabetes mellitus: A “thrifty” genotype rendered detrimental by “progress”? (1962) Am J Hum Genet, 14, pp. 353-362
  67. Nelson, R.G., Morgenstern, H., Bennett, P.H., Birth weight and renal disease in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (1998) Am J Epidemiol, 148 (7), pp. 650-656
  68. Omran, A., The epidemiologic transition. A theory of the epidemiology of population change (1971) Milbank Mem Fund Q, 49, pp. 509-538
  69. Ong, M.-L., Lin, X., Holbrook, J.D., Measuring epigenetics as the mediator of gene/environment interactions in DOHaD (2015) J Dev Orig Health Dis, 6, pp. 10-16
  70. Painter, R.C., Roseboom, T.J., Bleker, O.P., Prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine and disease in later life: An overview (2005) Reprod Toxicol, 20, pp. 345-352
  71. Pham, T.D., MacLennan, N.K., Chiu, C.T., Laksana, G.S., Hsu, J.L., Lane, R.H., Uteroplacental insufficiency increases apoptosis and alters p53 gene methylation in the fullterm IUGR rat kidney (2003) Am J Phys Regul Integr Comp Phys, 285, pp. R962-R970
  72. Razak, F., Anand, S.S., Shannon, H., Vuksan, V., Davis, B., Jacobs, R., Teo, K.K., Yusuf, S., Defining obesity cut points in a multiethnic population (2007) Circulation, 115, pp. 2111-2118
  73. Reddy, K.S., Cardiovascular disease in India (1993) World Health Stat Q, 46, pp. 101-107
  74. Singhal, A., Cole, T.J., Lucas, A., Early nutrition in preterm infants and later blood pressure: Two cohorts after randomised trials (2001) Lancet, 357, pp. 413-419
  75. Singhal, A., Fewtrell, M., Cole, T.J., Lucas, A., Low nutrient intake and early growth for later insulin resistance in adolescents born preterm (2003) Lancet, 361, pp. 1089-1097
  76. Tanner, J.M., (1989) Fetus into man, , Castlemead, 2nd edn. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA
  77. Thoman, E.B., Levine, S., Hormonal and behavioral changes in the rat mother as a function of early experience treatments of the offspring (1970) Physiol Behav, 5, pp. 1417-1421
  78. Thrift, A.G., Srikanth, V., Fitzgerald, S.M., Kalyanram, K., Kartik, K., Hoppe, C.C., Walker, K.Z., Evans, R.G., Potential roles of high salt intake and maternal malnutrition in the development of hypertension in disadvantaged populations (2010) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 37, pp. e78-e90
  79. Tiago, A.D., Samani, N.J., Candy, G.P., Brooksbank, R., Libhaber, E.N., Sareli, P., Woodiwiss, A.J., Norton, G.R., Angiotensinogen gene promoter region variant modifies body size-ambulatory blood pressure relations in hypertension (2002) Circulation, 106, pp. 1483-1487
  80. Touyz, R.M., Milne, F.J., Seftel, H.C., Reinach, S.G., Magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium status in normotensive and hypertensive Johannesburg residents (1987) S Afr Med J, 72, pp. 377-381
  81. Uiterwaal, C.S., Anthony, S., Launer, L.J., Witteman, J.C., Trouwborst, A.M., Hofman, A., Grobbee, D.E., Birth weight, growth, and blood pressure: An annual follow-up study of children aged 5 through 21 years (1997) Hypertension, 30 (2), pp. 267-271
  82. Unwin, N., Harland, J., White, M., Bhopal, R., Winocour, P., Stephenson, P., Watson, W., Alberti, K.G., Body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and glucose intolerance in Chinese and Europid adults in Newcastle (1997) UKJ Epidemiol Commu Health, 51, pp. 160-166
  83. Vehaskari, V.M., Aviles, D.H., Manning, J., Prenatal programming of adult hypertension in the rat (2001) Kidney Int, 59, pp. 238-245
  84. von Bonsdorff, M.E., von Bonsdorff, M.B., Martikainen, J., Salonen, M., Kajantie, E., Kautiainen, H., Eriksson, J.G., Body size at birth and coronary heart diseaserelated hospital care in adult men - findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (2016) Ann Med, 23, pp. 1-16
  85. Waddington, C.H., (1957) The strategy of the genes: A discussion of some aspects of theoretical biology, , Macmillan, New York
  86. Wadsworth, M.E., Cripps, H.A., Midwinter, R.E., Colley, J.R., Blood pressure in a national birth cohort at the age of 36 related to social and familial factors, smoking, and body mass (1985) Br Med J, 291, pp. 1534-1538
  87. Walker, S.P., Gaskin, P., Powell, C.A., Bennett, F.I., Forrester, T.E., Grantham-McGregor, S., The effects of birth weight and postnatal linear growth retardation on blood pressure at age 11-12 years (2001) J Epidemiol Community Health, 55, pp. 394-398
  88. Wang, G., Labarthe, D., The cost-effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce sodium intake (2011) J Hypertens, 29, pp. 1693-1699
  89. Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Zhao, L., Li, Y., Yang, J., Zhou, B., Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the middleaged population of China, 1992-1998 (2004) Hypertens Res, 27, pp. 703-709
  90. West-Eberhard, M.J., (2003) Developmental plasticity and evolution, , Oxford University Press, New York
  91. (2012), http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/feto_maternal/en/index.html, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  92. Wiesel, T.N., Hubel, D.H., Comparison of the effects of unilateral and bilateral eye closure on cortical unit responses in kittens (1965) J Neurophysiol, 28, pp. 1029-1040
  93. Wing, M.R., Devaney, J.M., Joffe, M.M., Xie, D., Feldman, H.I., Dominic, E.A., Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. DNA methylation profile associated with rapid decline in kidney function: Findings from the CRIC study (2014) Nephrol Dial Transplant, 29, pp. 864-872
  94. Woods, L.L., Ingelfinger, J.R., Nyengaard, J.R., Rasch, R., Maternal protein restriction suppresses the newborn renin-angiotensin system and programs adult hypertension in rats (2001) Pediatr Res, 49, pp. 460-467
  95. (2003) Working with individuals, families and communities to improve maternal and newborn health, , http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/en/, Avalable at, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  96. (2004) Making pregnancy safer, , http://www.who.int/making_pregnancy_safer/en/, at, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  97. (2009) Global health risks: Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks, , http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_full.pdf
  98. (2012) Causes of death 2012, , http://gamapserverwhoint/mapLibrary/app/searchResultsaspx, [online database]. Geneva, Accessed 3 Nov 201
  99. (2014) Global health estimates: Deaths by cause, age, sex and country, , 2000-2012
  100. (2015) Health in 2015: From MDGs to SDGs, , http://www.who.int/gho/publications/mdgs-sdgs/MDGs-SDGs2015_chapter6.pdf?ua=1, Non-communicable diseases, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  101. (2015) Joint child malnutrition estimates - Levels and trends, , http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/estimates2014/en/, 2015 edn. United Nations Children’s Fund, New York/Geneva/Washington (DC), Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  102. http://www.who.int/whr/2002/overview/en/index.html, Geneva, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  103. http://www.who.int/chp/steps/en, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  104. http://www.who.int/nutrition/trackingtool/en/, Nutrition Geneva, Accessed 3 Nov 2016
  105. Yach, D., The global burden of chronic disease: Overcoming impediments to prevention and control (2004) JAMA, 291, pp. 2616-2622

Coleções
Livros e Capítulos de Livros - HC/ICr
Livros e Capítulos de Livros - LIM/36
Livros e Capítulos de Livros - ODS/02
Livros e Capítulos de Livros - ODS/03